Classification of solar energy

Single crystal silicon solar panel

The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar panels is about 15%, with the highest reaching 24%, which is the highest among all kinds of solar panels. However, the production cost is very high, so that it is not widely and universally used. Because the monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated by toughened glass and waterproof resin, it is rugged and durable, with a service life of up to 15 years and up to 25 years.

Polycrystalline solar panels

The production process of polysilicon solar panels is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar panels, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polysilicon solar panels is reduced a lot, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12% (the world’s highest efficiency polysilicon solar panels with 14.8% efficiency listed by Sharp in Japan on July 1, 2004). In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than the monocrystalline silicon solar panel, the material is simple to manufacture, saving power consumption, and the total production cost is low, so it has been developed in a large number. In addition, the lifetime of polysilicon solar panels is shorter than that of monocrystalline ones. In terms of performance and cost, monocrystalline silicon solar panels are slightly better.

Amorphous silicon solar panels

Amorphous silicon solar panel is a new type of thin-film solar panel appeared in 1976. It is completely different from the production method of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar panel. The technological process is greatly simplified, and the silicon material consumption is less and the power consumption is lower. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar panels is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the international advanced level is about 10%, and it is not stable enough. With the extension of time, its conversion efficiency decreases.

Multi-compound solar panels

Polycompound solar panels are solar panels that are not made of a single element semiconductor material. There are many varieties studied in various countries, most of which have not yet been industrialized, including the following:
A) cadmium sulfide solar panels
B) gallium arsenide solar panels
C) Copper indium selenium solar panels

Application field

1. First, user solar power supply
(1)Small power supply ranging from 10-100W, used in remote areas without electricity such as plateau, island, pastoral areas, border posts and other military and civilian life electricity, such as lighting, television, radio, etc.; (2) 3-5KW family roof grid-connected power generation system; (3) Photovoltaic water pump: to solve the deep water well drinking and irrigation in areas without electricity.

2. Transportation
Such as navigation lights, traffic/railway signal lights, traffic warning/sign lights, street lights, high altitude obstacle lights, highway/railway wireless phone booths, unattended road class power supply, etc.

3. Communication/communication field
Solar unattended microwave relay station, optical cable maintenance station, broadcast/communication/paging power system; Rural carrier phone photovoltaic system, small communication machine, GPS power supply for soldiers, etc.

4. Petroleum, Marine and meteorological fields
Cathodic protection solar power supply system for oil pipeline and reservoir gate, life and emergency power supply for oil drilling platform, Marine inspection equipment, meteorological/hydrological observation equipment, etc.

5. Five, family lamps and lanterns power supply
Such as solar garden lamp, street lamp, hand lamp, camping lamp, hiking lamp, fishing lamp, black light, glue lamp, energy-saving lamp and so on.

6. Photovoltaic power station
10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power station, wind-power (firewood) complementary power station, various large parking plant charging station, etc.

Seven, solar buildings
The combination of solar power generation and building materials will make the future large buildings achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, which is a major development direction in the future.

Viii. Other areas include
(1) Supporting vehicles: solar cars/electric cars, battery charging equipment, car air conditioners, ventilation fans, cold drink boxes, etc.; (2) solar hydrogen production and fuel cell regenerative power generation system; (3) Power supply for seawater desalination equipment; (4) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power stations, etc.